Karpathy says engineering moves up from the model to the graph

Andrej Karpathy’s systems view has become a reference point in threads among practitioners this week. He frames the engineering stack as moving from the model to the prompt, then to the agent, the loop and the graph.

He also suggested a Markdown wiki maintained by a language model, which preserves sources, reasoning and the history of decisions across sessions. Practitioners on X are treating both as practical design guidance.